Fundamental laws of physics are symmetric under time reversal (T ) symmetry, hence we are tempted to deduce that the evolution of the world may be T-symmetric. On the other end, there is an important conjecture that a conservative system with many particles becomes randomized. The latter process, called thermalization, is related to the second law of thermodynamics that makes the macroscopic world asymmetric. In addition to these two divergent topics, I will cover additional T-breaking frameworks: multiscale energy transfer, open systems, and asymmetric objects. In driven dissipative nonequilibrium systems, including turbulence, the multiscale energy flux from large scales to small scales helps determine the arrow of time. In addition, open systems are often irreversible due to particle and energy exchanges between the system and the environment. Causality and asymmetric objects are other important factors that break the T symmetry. I emphasize that deductions based on idealizations —point particles, spherical balls, isolated systems— may lead to erroneous conclusions on the evolution of macroscopic world.
Zoom link: https://icts-res-in.zoom.us/j/92098578903?pwd=nIabAoxLap0zR2yobKRzS2RBBU9bEa.1
Meeting ID: 920 9857 8903
Passcode: 202030